آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 26 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 447 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,557 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 5,380,005 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 3,580,078 |
Comparative Analysis of Exhaust Emission Pollutants from Two Gasoline Engines | ||
| Biomechanism and Bioenergy Research | ||
| دوره 2، شماره 2، اسفند 2023، صفحه 143-153 اصل مقاله (469.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Research | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22103/bbr.2023.22592.1072 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Reza Yeganeh* 1؛ Bahram Ghamari1؛ Goudarz Rezaei1؛ Shaban Ghavami Jolandan2 | ||
| 1Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystem, Agriculture Faculty, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In order to investigate the impact of four types of consumed fuels on the emission of exhaust gases from two common car engines (TYPE I and TYPE II) under identical conditions, an experimental study was conducted in Islam Abad Gharb, the central location for automotive technical. The study followed factorial completely randomized design with six replicates. After preparing the engines according to relevant standards, sampling was carried out while the engines were idling at a low RPM with the gear lever in neutral. The fuels examined in this research comprised export gasoline, super gasoline, regular gasoline, and CNG gas. The measured exhaust gases exhausted from the engines included oxygen (O2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOX). These gases were compared with international standards and those set by automotive technical inspection centers. The results indicated that the volumetric percentages of oxygen produced during the combustion of export gasoline are 0.14% and 0.04% for TYPE II and TYPE I engines, respectively. Additionally, carbon monoxide percentages are 0.016% and 0.023% for TYPE II and TYPE I engines. Furthermore, carbon dioxide emissions are 8.56% and 10.20% for TYPE II and TYPE I engines, respectively. The TYPE I engine exhibits a lower impact on hydrocarbon emissions across all fuels. In terms of nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations, the TYPE I engine consistently plays a lesser role compared to the TYPE II engine for all tested fuels. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Compression Ratio؛ Engine؛ Environment؛ Fuel؛ Pollutant | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Agreement, P. (2015). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate Change Secretariat: Bonn, Germany, 4, 471-474.
Arslan, Ö., & Özdalyan, B. (2020). Influence of fuel types and combustion environment on emission of VOCs from combustion sources: a review. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 747-756.
Aslam, M., Masjuki, H., Kalam, M., Abdesselam, H., Mahlia, T., & Amalina, M. (2006). An experimental investigation of CNG as an alternative fuel for a retrofitted gasoline vehicle. Fuel, 85(5-6), 717-724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2005.09.004
Baumgarten, C. (2006). Mixture formation in internal combustion engines. Springer Science & Business Media.
Caceres, D., Reisel, J., Sklyarov, A., & Poehlman, A. (2003). Exhaust emission deterioration and combustion chamber deposit composition over the life cycle of small utility engines. J. Eng. Gas turbines power, 125(1), 358-364. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1496773
Chambliss, S., Miller, J., Façanha, C., Minjares, R., & Blumberg, K. (2013). The impact of stringent fuel and vehicle standards on premature mortality and emissions. The International Council on Clean Transportation.
Davidson, C. (2003). Marine notice: Carbon dioxide: health hazard. Australian maritime safety authority, 7.
Huang, X., Wang, Y., Xing, Z., & Du, K. (2016). Emission factors of air pollutants from CNG-gasoline bi-fuel vehicles: Part II. CO, HC and NOx. Science of the Total Environment, 565, 698-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.069
Jahirul, M., Saidur, R., Hasanuzzaman, M., Masjuki, H. H., & Kalam, M. (2007). A comparison of the air pollution of gasoline and CNG driven car for Malaysia. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 2(2), 130-138.
Jahirul, M. I., Masjuki, H. H., Saidur, R., Kalam, M., Jayed, M., & Wazed, M. (2010). Comparative engine performance and emission analysis of CNG and gasoline in a retrofitted car engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 30(14-15), 2219-2226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.05.037
Jayaratne, E., Ristovski, Z., Meyer, N., & Morawska, L. (2009). Particle and gaseous emissions from compressed natural gas and ultralow sulphur diesel-fuelled buses at four steady engine loads. Science of the Total Environment, 407(8), 2845-2852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.001
Khoshkname, D., Haji Agha Alizade, H., & Shadidi, B. (2022). Investigating the Effect of Using of Different Alcohols as Gasoline Additives on an Engine Emitted Pollutants. Biomechanism and Bioenergy Research, 1(2), 21-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00287-6
Lancet, T. (2006). WHO's global air-quality guidelines. In (Vol. 368, pp. 1302): Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69530-5
Liu, H., He, K., Lents, J. M., Wang, Q., & Tolvett, S. (2009). Characteristics of diesel truck emission in China based on portable emissions measurement systems. Environmental science & technology, 43(24), 9507-9511. https://doi.org/10.1021/es902044x
Magara-Gomez, K. T., Olson, M. R., Okuda, T., Walz, K. A., & Schauer, J. J. (2012). Sensitivity of diesel particulate material emissions and composition to blends of petroleum diesel and biodiesel fuel. Aerosol Science and Technology, 46(10), 1109-1118. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2012.696315
Micallef, A., & Sammut, C. V. (2010). The second national communication of Malta to the United Nations framework convention on climate change.
Neeft, J. P., Makkee, M., & Moulijn, J. A. (1996). Diesel particulate emission control. Fuel processing technology, 47(1), 1-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3820(96)01002-8
Rabe, M., Jakubowska, A., Draskovic, V., Widera, K., Pudło, T., Łopatka, A., & Kuźmiński, Ł. (2022). Comparative Analysis on the Performance and Exhaust Gas Emission of Cars with Spark-Ignition Engines. Energies, 15(17), 6361. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176361
Radlińska, K., Klonowska-Matynia, M., Jakubowska, A., & Kwiatkowski, G. (2020). Labor hoarding: an old phenomena in modern times? Case study for EU countries. Journal of business economics and management, 21(3), 872-889. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.12228
Rakopoulos, C. D., Hountalas, D., Zannis, T., & Levendis, Y. (2004). Operational and environmental evaluation of diesel engines burning oxygen-enriched intake air or oxygen-enriched fuels: a review. SAE transactions, 1723-1743. https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2924
Sabour, M. R., Sadeghi-Sheshdeh, A., Mohammadi, F., & Asheghian Amiri, E. (2022). Global Trends and Status in Bioenergy Research during the Years 2000-2020: A Systematic Bibliometric Analysis. Biomechanism and Bioenergy Research, 1(1), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-545873/v1
Shaeri, A., & Rahmati, A. (2012). Human’s environmental laws, regulations, criteria and standards. Department of Environment (DOE), Tehran, Iran: Hak Publishing Co.
Vander Wal, R. L., & Mueller, C. J. (2006). Initial investigation of effects of fuel oxygenation on nanostructure of soot from a direct-injection diesel engine. Energy & Fuels, 20(6), 2364-2369. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef060201+
Wallington, T., Kaiser, E., & Farrell, J. (2006). Automotive fuels and internal combustion engines: a chemical perspective. Chemical Society Reviews, 35(4), 335-347. https://doi.org/10.1039/b410469m
Winebrake, J. J., Wang, M. Q., & He, D. (2000). Toxic emissions from mobile sources: A total fuel-cycle analysis for conventional and alternative fuel vehicles. https://doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2001.10464325
Yao, Y. C., Tsai, J. H., & Chou, H. H. (2011). Air pollutant emission abatement using application of various ethanol-gasoline blends in high-mileage vehicles. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 11(5), 547-559. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2011.04.0044
Zand, A. D., Mikaeili, A., & Pezeshk, H. (2007). The influence of deposit control additives on exhaust CO and HC emissions from gasoline engines (case study: Tehran). Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 12(3), 189-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2007.01.010
Zannis, T., & Hountalas, D. (2004). Effect of fuel aromatic content and structure on direct-injection diesel engine pollutant emissions. Journal of the Energy Institute, 77(511), 16-25.
Zannis, T., Hountalas, D., Papagiannakis, R., & Levendis, Y. (2009). Effect of fuel chemical structure and properties on diesel engine performance and pollutant emissions: review of the results of four European research programs. SAE International journal of fuels and lubricants, 1(1), 384-419. https://doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0838
Zannis, T. C., & Hountalas, D. T. (2004). DI diesel engine performance and emissions from the oxygen enrichment of fuels with various aromatic content. Energy & Fuels, 18(3), 659-666. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef0301598
Zerda, T., Yuan, X., & Moore, S. (2001). Effects of fuel additives on the microstructure of combustion engine deposits. Carbon, 39(10), 1589-1597. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00287-6 | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 223 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 185 |
||