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Pellet Production from Green Pistachio Shell Waste with Varying Levels in Livestock Feed | ||
| Biomechanism and Bioenergy Research | ||
| دوره 3، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 6، اسفند 2024، صفحه 131-148 اصل مقاله (952.99 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Research | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22103/bbr.2024.24278.1098 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| kazem laei1؛ Mohammad Hossein Kianmehr2؛ Ghanbar laei* 3 | ||
| 1Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 2Department Agricultural Technical, Aburihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Green pistachio shells, a common agricultural waste in the country, face limited use as animal feed due to harmful microbes and bacteria. To enhance their nutritional value, additives like barley, corn, and beet pulp were mixed in ratios of 0, 20, 50, and 80 kg per 100 kg of pistachio shell. Using a pelletizing machine, the effects of temperature (50, 70, and 80°C), additive levels (0, 20, 50, and 80%), and particle size (0.5 and 1 mm) on anti-nutritional compounds and mechanical properties of pellets were studied. The factorial experiments, based on a completely randomized design (CRD), revealed significant reductions in phenolic and tannin content, with the greatest decrease (79% and 81%) at 80°C and 80% additives. Mechanical properties like durability and toughness improved most at 80°C, 50% additives, and 0.5 mm particle size. These findings highlight the potential to reduce livestock feed costs and environmental pollution through optimized pellet production. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Anti-Nutritional Compounds؛ Mechanical Properties؛ Waste Management؛ Pistachio؛ Livestock Feed | ||
| مراجع | ||
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